Light and Optics MCQs with Answers | 100 Physics Multiple Choice Questions

Practice 100 Light and Optics MCQs with answers covering reflection, refraction, mirrors, lenses, human eye, dispersion, and optical phenomena. Ideal for school exams, competitive tests, and quick physics revision.

Light and Optics play a vital role in helping us understand how light behaves and how images are formed through reflection and refraction. This comprehensive set of 100 Light and Optics MCQs with answers covers key physics concepts such as rectilinear propagation of light, mirrors, lenses, prisms, dispersion, the human eye, and common optical phenomena. Carefully designed for Class 7 to Class 10 students, these multiple choice questions are ideal for exam preparation, competitive tests, and quick revision, helping learners strengthen their conceptual clarity and problem-solving skills through objective-based practice.

Below are 100 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Light and Optics, written in clear English, suitable for school exams, competitive tests, and revision.
Each question has four options and the correct answer is given.

Light and Optics – 100 MCQs

Basics of Light (1–30)

1. Light is a form of:
   A) Matter
   B) Energy
   C) Force
   D) Sound
   Answer: B

2. The speed of light in vacuum is approximately:
   A) 3 × 10⁶ m/s
   B) 3 × 10⁷ m/s
   C) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
   D) 3 × 10⁹ m/s
   Answer: C

3. Light travels in:
   A) Curved lines
   B) Zig-zag paths
   C) Straight lines
   D) Circular paths
   Answer: C

4. The phenomenon that proves light travels in straight lines is:
   A) Reflection
   B) Refraction
   C) Rectilinear propagation
   D) Dispersion
   Answer: C

5. Which object emits its own light?
   A) Moon
   B) Mirror
   C) Bulb
   D) Book
   Answer: C

6. Which of the following is a natural source of light?
   A) Torch
   B) Candle
   C) Sun
   D) Bulb
   Answer: C

7. Luminous objects are those which:
   A) Reflect light
   B) Absorb light
   C) Emit light
   D) Block light
   Answer: C

8. Non-luminous objects:
   A) Produce light
   B) Reflect light
   C) Emit heat
   D) Have no mass
   Answer: B

9. The formation of shadows shows:
   A) Reflection of light
   B) Refraction of light
   C) Straight-line travel of light
   D) Scattering of light
   Answer: C

10. An opaque object:
    A) Allows all light to pass
    B) Allows partial light
    C) Does not allow light to pass
    D) Emits light
    Answer: C

11. A translucent object:
    A) Allows all light
    B) Allows no light
    C) Allows some light
    D) Reflects all light
    Answer: C

12. Transparent objects:
    A) Block light
    B) Allow light completely
    C) Scatter light
    D) Absorb light
    Answer: B

13. The image formed by a pinhole camera is:
    A) Erect and real
    B) Virtual and inverted
    C) Real and inverted
    D) Virtual and erect
    Answer: C

14. The size of the image in a pinhole camera depends on:
    A) Size of pinhole
    B) Distance of screen
    C) Distance of object
    D) All of these
    Answer: D

15. Light travels fastest in:
    A) Water
    B) Glass
    C) Air
    D) Vacuum
    Answer: D

16. The unit of wavelength is:
    A) Meter
    B) Hertz
    C) Joule
    D) Candela
    Answer: A

17. The color of light depends on:
    A) Speed
    B) Frequency
    C) Intensity
    D) Amplitude
    Answer: B

18. White light is a mixture of:
    A) Three colors
    B) Five colors
    C) Seven colors
    D) Ten colors
    Answer: C

19. The splitting of white light into its colors is called:
    A) Reflection
    B) Refraction
    C) Dispersion
    D) Diffraction
    Answer: C

20. Which device is used to split white light?
    A) Lens
    B) Prism
    C) Mirror
    D) Microscope
    Answer: B

21. The sequence of colors in a spectrum is:
    A) VIBGYOR
    B) RGB
    C) CMYK
    D) ROYGBIV
    Answer: A

22. The color with maximum wavelength is:
    A) Violet
    B) Green
    C) Blue
    D) Red
    Answer: D

23. The color with minimum wavelength is:
    A) Red
    B) Yellow
    C) Blue
    D) Violet
    Answer: D

24. Rainbow is formed due to:
    A) Reflection only
    B) Refraction only
    C) Dispersion only
    D) Dispersion, refraction, and reflection
    Answer: D

25. Scattering of light causes:
    A) Blue color of sky
    B) Red color of sun at noon
    C) Black color of night
    D) White clouds
    Answer: A

26. The color of sky appears blue because:
    A) Longer wavelengths scatter more
    B) Shorter wavelengths scatter more
    C) All colors scatter equally
    D) No scattering
    Answer: B

27. Sun appears red at sunrise and sunset due to:
    A) Dispersion
    B) Reflection
    C) Scattering
    D) Refraction
    Answer: C

28. The phenomenon of bending of light at boundary is:
    A) Reflection
    B) Refraction
    C) Dispersion
    D) Diffraction
    Answer: B

29. Refraction occurs because:
    A) Light changes speed
    B) Light reflects
    C) Light scatters
    D) Light absorbs energy
    Answer: A

30. The ratio of speed of light in vacuum to speed in a medium is called:
    A) Density
    B) Refractive index
    C) Reflection coefficient
    D) Optical power
    Answer: B

Reflection and Mirrors (31–60)

31. Reflection of light follows:
    A) One law
    B) Two laws
    C) Three laws
    D) Four laws
    Answer: B

32. Angle of incidence is equal to:
    A) Angle of refraction
    B) Angle of deviation
    C) Angle of reflection
    D) Angle of prism
    Answer: C

33. The mirror that always forms a virtual and erect image is:
    A) Concave
    B) Convex
    C) Plane
    D) Both B and C
    Answer: D

34. Image formed by a plane mirror is:
    A) Real
    B) Virtual
    C) Inverted
    D) Enlarged
    Answer: B

35. Magnification of a plane mirror is:
    A) Less than 1
    B) Greater than 1
    C) Equal to 1
    D) Zero
    Answer: C

36. Concave mirror is also called:
    A) Diverging mirror
    B) Converging mirror
    C) Plane mirror
    D) Cylindrical mirror
    Answer: B

37. Convex mirror is also called:
    A) Converging mirror
    B) Diverging mirror
    C) Plane mirror
    D) Spherical lens
    Answer: B

38. The image formed by a convex mirror is:
    A) Real and inverted
    B) Virtual and erect
    C) Real and erect
    D) Virtual and inverted
    Answer: B

39. Rear-view mirrors in vehicles are:
    A) Plane mirrors
    B) Concave mirrors
    C) Convex mirrors
    D) Parabolic mirrors
    Answer: C

40. The focus of a concave mirror is:
    A) Real
    B) Virtual
    C) At infinity
    D) At pole
    Answer: A

41. The focal length of a convex mirror is:
    A) Positive
    B) Negative
    C) Zero
    D) Infinite
    Answer: A

42. The center of curvature of a mirror is:
    A) On the surface
    B) At focus
    C) At midpoint of radius
    D) On principal axis
    Answer: D

43. Radius of curvature is:
    A) Twice focal length
    B) Half focal length
    C) Equal to focal length
    D) Zero
    Answer: A

44. The point where principal axis meets mirror is:
    A) Focus
    B) Pole
    C) Center
    D) Vertex
    Answer: B

45. Image formed by concave mirror for object beyond C is:
    A) Virtual and erect
    B) Real and inverted
    C) Virtual and inverted
    D) Real and erect
    Answer: B

46. For shaving mirror, we use:
    A) Plane mirror
    B) Convex mirror
    C) Concave mirror
    D) Cylindrical mirror
    Answer: C

47. A convex mirror gives:
    A) Narrow field of view
    B) Wide field of view
    C) No field of view
    D) Blurred image
    Answer: B

48. Mirror formula is:
    A) 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
    B) f = u + v
    C) f = uv
    D) v = u
    Answer: A

49. Magnification for mirrors is:
    A) m = u/v
    B) m = v/u
    C) m = f/u
    D) m = f/v
    Answer: B

50. Image distance is measured from:
    A) Focus
    B) Center
    C) Pole
    D) Object
    Answer: C

Refraction, Lenses & Optical Phenomena (51–100)

51. A lens that converges light rays is:
    A) Concave
    B) Convex
    C) Cylindrical
    D) Plane
    Answer: B

52. A concave lens always forms image which is:
    A) Real and inverted
    B) Virtual and erect
    C) Real and erect
    D) Virtual and inverted
    Answer: B

53. Power of lens is measured in:
    A) Watt
    B) Meter
    C) Dioptre
    D) Joule
    Answer: C

54. Formula for power of lens is:
    A) P = f
    B) P = 1/f
    C) P = f²
    D) P = u/v
    Answer: B

55. The SI unit of focal length is:
    A) Meter
    B) Centimeter
    C) Dioptre
    D) Second
    Answer: A

56. Convex lens has:
    A) Negative power
    B) Positive power
    C) Zero power
    D) Infinite power
    Answer: B

57. Concave lens has:
    A) Positive power
    B) Zero power
    C) Negative power
    D) Infinite power
    Answer: C

58. Lens formula is:
    A) 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
    B) f = u + v
    C) f = uv
    D) v = u
    Answer: A

59. Human eye lens is:
    A) Concave
    B) Convex
    C) Plane
    D) Cylindrical
    Answer: B

60. Defect of vision where distant objects appear blurred is:
    A) Hypermetropia
    B) Myopia
    C) Presbyopia
    D) Astigmatism
    Answer: B

61. Myopia is corrected using:
    A) Convex lens
    B) Concave lens
    C) Plane mirror
    D) Prism
    Answer: B

62. Hypermetropia is corrected using:
    A) Concave lens
    B) Convex lens
    C) Cylindrical lens
    D) Mirror
    Answer: B

63. The least distance of distinct vision is:
    A) 15 cm
    B) 20 cm
    C) 25 cm
    D) 30 cm
    Answer: C

64. Defect of vision in old age is:
    A) Myopia
    B) Hypermetropia
    C) Presbyopia
    D) Color blindness
    Answer: C

65. A prism bends light due to:
    A) Reflection
    B) Scattering
    C) Refraction
    D) Diffraction
    Answer: C

66. Twinkling of stars is due to:
    A) Reflection
    B) Dispersion
    C) Atmospheric refraction
    D) Scattering
    Answer: C

67. Apparent shift of sun position is due to:
    A) Dispersion
    B) Reflection
    C) Refraction
    D) Absorption
    Answer: C

68. Total internal reflection occurs when:
    A) Light goes from rarer to denser
    B) Angle of incidence < critical angle
    C) Light goes from denser to rarer medium
    D) Light is scattered
    Answer: C

69. Optical fibers work on:
    A) Refraction
    B) Reflection
    C) Dispersion
    D) Total internal reflection
    Answer: D

70. Mirage is formed due to:
    A) Dispersion
    B) Reflection
    C) Refraction
    D) Total internal reflection
    Answer: D

71. Telescope is used to see:
    A) Nearby objects
    B) Distant objects
    C) Microscopic objects
    D) Internal organs
    Answer: B

72. Microscope is used to see:
    A) Stars
    B) Distant planets
    C) Very small objects
    D) Sun
    Answer: C

73. Camera uses:
    A) Concave lens
    B) Convex lens
    C) Plane mirror
    D) Prism
    Answer: B

74. Image formed on retina is:
    A) Virtual and erect
    B) Real and inverted
    C) Virtual and inverted
    D) Real and erect
    Answer: B

75. Color blindness is caused due to defect in:
    A) Cornea
    B) Retina
    C) Iris
    D) Lens
    Answer: B

76. Near point of a normal eye is:
    A) 10 cm
    B) 15 cm
    C) 20 cm
    D) 25 cm
    Answer: D

77. Far point of normal eye is:
    A) 25 cm
    B) 50 cm
    C) Infinity
    D) 1 m
    Answer: C

78. The phenomenon used in periscope is:
    A) Refraction
    B) Dispersion
    C) Reflection
    D) Scattering
    Answer: C

79. White light splits into colors due to:
    A) Reflection
    B) Refraction
    C) Dispersion
    D) Diffraction
    Answer: C

80. The angle between incident ray and normal is called:
    A) Angle of reflection
    B) Angle of refraction
    C) Angle of incidence
    D) Angle of deviation
    Answer: C

81. The angle between reflected ray and normal is:
    A) Angle of incidence
    B) Angle of reflection
    C) Angle of refraction
    D) Angle of deviation
    Answer: B

82. Speed of light is maximum in:
    A) Water
    B) Glass
    C) Air
    D) Vacuum
    Answer: D

83. The phenomenon responsible for formation of shadow is:
    A) Refraction
    B) Dispersion
    C) Rectilinear propagation
    D) Reflection
    Answer: C

84. Light from sun reaches earth in:
    A) 4 seconds
    B) 8 seconds
    C) 8 minutes
    D) 1 hour
    Answer: C

85. The bending of light around corners is called:
    A) Dispersion
    B) Diffraction
    C) Reflection
    D) Refraction
    Answer: B

86. A ray passing through optical center of lens:
    A) Deviates
    B) Stops
    C) Emerges undeviated
    D) Reflects back
    Answer: C

87. The unit of power of lens is:
    A) Watt
    B) Joule
    C) Dioptre
    D) Tesla
    Answer: C

88. The color with highest frequency is:
    A) Red
    B) Yellow
    C) Green
    D) Violet
    Answer: D

89. The color with lowest frequency is:
    A) Violet
    B) Blue
    C) Yellow
    D) Red
    Answer: D

90. Real images can be obtained on:
    A) Mirror surface
    B) Screen
    C) Retina only
    D) Prism
    Answer: B

91. Virtual images cannot be obtained on:
    A) Screen
    B) Mirror
    C) Lens
    D) Eye
    Answer: A

92. The unit of refractive index is:
    A) Meter
    B) Second
    C) No unit
    D) Joule
    Answer: C

93. The refractive index of vacuum is:
    A) 0
    B) 1
    C) 1.33
    D) Infinite
    Answer: B

94. Increase in refractive index means:
    A) Increase in speed of light
    B) Decrease in speed of light
    C) No change in speed
    D) Light stops
    Answer: B

95. Optical illusion on hot roads is:
    A) Mirage
    B) Rainbow
    C) Halo
    D) Corona
    Answer: A

96. The main function of iris is to:
    A) Focus light
    B) Control pupil size
    C) Form image
    D) Detect color
    Answer: B

97. Pupil controls:
    A) Color vision
    B) Amount of light entering eye
    C) Shape of lens
    D) Image formation
    Answer: B

98. The phenomenon of scattering explains:
    A) Red sky at noon
    B) Blue sky
    C) White clouds
    D) All of these
    Answer: B

99. Human eye can distinguish about:
    A) 10 colors
    B) 100 colors
    C) 1000 colors
    D) Millions of colors
    Answer: D

100. Optical instruments work on laws of:
     A) Sound
     B) Heat
     C) Light
     D) Electricity
     Answer: C