Answer. The functional group of alcohols is -OH. Their general formula is ROH, where R is any alkyl group.
For example, methyl alcohol (CH3-OH), ethyl alcohol (CH3-CH2-OH) and n-propyl alcohol (CH3-CH2- CH2-OH)
Identification of alcohol
Alcohol can be identified by sodium metal test. Take about 2-3 cm3 of the given organic liquid in a dry test tube and add a piece of sodium metal. Hydrogen gas will evolve which confirms the presence of alcohol.
Ester formation test:
Heat about 1.0 cm3 of the organic compound with 1.0 cm3 of acetic acid and 1-2 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid. Fruity smell will be given out which confirm the presence of alcohol.