The C Programming Language is also called the Mother of languages. The C language was developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 and is a second and third generation of languages. The C language provides both low and high level features it provides both the power of low-level languages and the flexibility and simplicity of high-level languages.
C provides standard functions scanf() and printf(), for performing formatted input and output .These functions accept, as parameters, a format specification string and a list of variables.
The format specification string is a character string that specifies the data type of each variable to be input or output and the size or width of the input and output.
Now to discuss formatted output in functions.
Formatted Output
The function printf() is used for formatted output to standard output based on a format specification. The format specification string, along with the data to be output, are the parameters to the printf() function.
Syntax:
printf (format, data1, data2,……..);
In this syntax format is the format specification string. This string contains, for each variable to be output, a specification beginning with the symbol % followed by a character called the conversion character.
Example:
printf (“%c”, data1);
The character specified after % is called a conversion character because it allows one data type to be converted to another type and printed.
See the following table conversion character and their meanings.