Ans. ENDOSCOPE
An endoscope is a medical instrument used for exploratory diagnostics, and surgical purposes.
An endoscope is used to explore the interior organs of the body. Due to its small size, it can be inserted through the mouth and thus eliminates the invasive surgery. The endoscopes used to diagnose the stomach, bladder and throat are called Gastroscope, Cystoscope and Bronchoscope respectively. An endoscope uses two fibre-optic tubes through a pype. A medical procedure using any type on endoscope is called endoscopy. The light shines on the organ of patient to be diagnosed while entering through one of the fibre tubes of the endoscope. Then light is transmitted back to the physician's viewing lens through the other fibre tube by total internal1 reflection. Flexible endoscopes have a tiny camera attached to the end. Doctors can see the view recorded by the camera displayed on the computer screen.