Unit 15 Long Question

Q.14 What is artificial selection? Explain it.

Q.14 What is artificial selection? Explain it. Answer: Definition Artificial selection (or selective breeding) means intentional breeding between individuals for certain traits or combination of traits. Historical Background (a) Abu Rayhan Biruni The term artificial selection was ‘expressed by the Persian scientist Abu Rayhan Biruni in the 11th century. (b) Charles Darwin Charles Darwin also used …

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Q.13 What is Biological or Organic Evolution? Explain with the help of Darwin’s theory of natural selection

Q.13 What is Biological or Organic Evolution? Explain with the help of Darwin’s theory of natural selection Answer: Biological/Organic Evolution It is a change in the characteristics of a population or species of organisms over the course of generations. The changes in an individual are not considered as evolution because evolution refers to populations and not …

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Q.12 Define variations. Discuss their sources and types.

Q.12 Define variations. Discuss their sources and types. Answer: Definition Differences shown by the individual of same species are called as variations. Sources of variations (a) Genetic Recombination The genetic recombination produced through crossing over results in gametes with variations. (b) Mutation Mutation (changes in DNA) are important source of variations. (c) Combination of Sperm …

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Q.11 Define and explain co-dominance and Incomplete dominance with examples.

Q.11 Define and explain co-dominance and Incomplete dominance with examples. Answer: Co-dominance It is a situation where two different alleles of a gene pair express themselves completely instead of showing dominant-recessive relationship. As a result, heterozygous organism shows phenotype that is different from both homozygous parents. Example ABO Blood Group Gene I The ABO blood …

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Q.10 Derine and Explain Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment.

Q.10 Derine and Explain Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment. Answer: Definition Alleles of a gene pair segregate (get separated and distributed to gametes) independently from the alleles of other gene pair. This is called as law of independent assortment. Dihybrid Cross It is a cross in which two contrasting traits are studied at a time. In …

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Q.8 What do you know about Gregor Mendel? Why he selected pea plant for his genetic experiments?

Q.8 What do you know about Gregor Mendel? Why he selected pea plant for his genetic experiments? Answer: Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel was monk (priest) in Austria, He developed the fundamental principles of genetics. Special factors Mendel proposed that there are “special factors” in organisms which control expression of traits and their transmission to next generations. …

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