Primary dysmenorrhea means that your cramps are due to your cycle. Secondary dysmenorrhea is the term your doctor may use if you have a problem in your reproductive organs that causes your cramps. Several conditions can cause it, such as these:
- Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (the endometrium) is found outside of the uterus.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection caused by bacteria that starts in the uterus and can spread to other reproductive organs.
- Stenosis (narrowing) of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus, can be caused by scarring, as well as a lack of estrogen after menopause.
- The inner wall of the uterus may have growths called fibroids.