Ans. Contributions of Ali ibn Isa
All ibn Isa (950-1012) was a famous Arab scientist. He wrote three books on ophthalmology (study of the diseases and surgery of eyes). He described 130 eye diseases and prescribed 143 drugs to, treat these diseases.
Contributions of Ibn al-Haytham
Ibn al-Haytham (965-1039), an Arab scientist made significant contributions to the principles of eye and vision. He is regarded as the father of optics (study of the behavior of light). His "Book of Optics" correctly explained and proved the modern theory of vision. He discussed the topics of medicine and dye surgery in his book. He made several improvements to .eye surgery and accurately described the process of sight, the structure of eye, image formation in eye and visual system. Ibn al-Haytham also described the principles of pinhole camera.
Ibn al-Haytham's "Book of Optics" has been ranked alongside a book of Isaac Newton. It is one of the most influential books ever written in the history of physics.