There are two main ways to check for prostate cancer. One is the digital rectal exam, when your doctor checks inside your rectum with a gloved finger. The second is a blood test called the PSA test, which measures levels of a protein that's often higher in men with prostate cancer. PSA levels can rise for reasons other than prostate cancer. Recommndations about whether or not a man should be screened and at what age differ. Talk with your doctor about whether you need testing, and the potential benefits and risks.