Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi (20 August 1671 – 1 June 1748) was a nobleman of Indian and Turkic descent[1] and the founder of the Asaf Jahi dynasty. He established the Hyderabad state, and ruled it from 1724 to 1748.[2] He is also known by his titles Chin Qilich Khan (awarded by emperor Aurangzeb in 1690–, Nizam-ul-Mulk (awarded by Farrukhsiyar in 1713[4]) and Asaf Jah (awarded by Muhammad Shah in 1725
Early life
He was born to Nawab Ghazi ud-Din Khan Siddiqi Feroze Jung I and his first wife Wazir un-nisa Begum at Agra on 20 August 1671 as Mir Qamar ud-din Khan Siddiqi.[6] The name was given to him by the Mughal Emperor Aurangazeb.[7] His paternal and maternal grandparents were both important Mughal generals and courtiers namely; Kilich Khan (Paternal) and Jumlat-ul-Mulk Allami Sa'adullah Khan (Maternal), the Vizier of Emperor Shah Jahan.
He was educated privately.[6] At the age of six, Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan accompanied his father to the Mughal court in 1677. Emperor Aurangzeb awarded him a Mansab.
Relation with Aurangzeb
Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan displayed considerable skill as a warrior and before he reached his teens began accompanying his father into battle. In 1688 aged 17 he joined his father in the successful assault on the fort of Adoni and was promoted to the rank of 2000 zat and 500 horse and presented with the finest Arabian horse with gold trappings and a pastille perfumed with ambergris from the Mughal court.
At the age of nineteen, the Emperor bestowed on him the title "Chin Fateh Khan". He was also gifted a female elephant and at age 20 he was bestowed with the title of "Chin Qilich Khan" (boy swordsman) for surviving an attack that blew off three of his horse's legs during the Siege of Wagingera Fort. For fighting on and capturing the fort he was raised to rank of 5000 horse and awarded 15 million dams, a jeweled sabre and a third elephant.
At 26, he was appointed Commander in Chief and Viceroy, first in Bijapur, then Malwa and later of the Deccan.
He inherited his family's military prowess. Henry George Briggs, a historian, wrote "If Moosulman were accustomed to perpetuate the memory of their heroes by posthumous ovations, India might have seen a hundred statues of her greatest Mohammedan hero of the eighteenth century".